Lorarx
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Über lorarx
lorarx ist ein Dekoder für LoRa APRS mithilfe eines RTL-SDR USB Sticks (und Ähnlichem). lorarx benötigt wie afskmodem das Empfangsmodul sdrtst und den SDR-Server rtl-tcp zum funktionieren.
Wichtig:
- sdrtst muss mindestens den Stand vom 18. Mai 2022 haben um lorarx nutzen zu können!
- Nachträglicher Download von lorarx und dem aktuellen sdrtst bei OE5DXL, z.B. hier: http://oe5dxl.hamspirit.at:8025/aprs/bin/
Parameter in der Kurzübersicht
Decode lora out of IQ-File/Pipe (samplerate must be exact +/-0.00001)
output data in udp, axudp or json, view aprs, pr, lorawan, fanet
-A (*) enable frame chaining for ax25 longframes
-a <afc-speed> (*)follow frequency drift, 0 off (0.5), on sf<9 (0)
-b <bandwidth> kHz 0:7.8 1:10.4 2:15.6 3:20.8 4:31.25 5:41.7 6:62.5 7:125 8:250 9:500 (7)
-C (*)use crc on implicit header
-c <cr> (*)coding rate and enable implicit header (4..8) (else from header)
-D (*)if dcd lost go on decoding until frame length limit (for external FEC or monitoring)
-d (*)swith off collision detection (less cpu but loose stronger frames starting in weaker
-E switch off useing crc to repair 1 chirp (crc checks 4 variants) (on)
-F max. block energy FEC off (hamming code fec remains on) (on)
-f u8|i16|f32 IQ data format
-g <dB> add this to measured signal level (0.0)
-H show -v data in ascii if printable else in [hex]
-h this
-i <file> IQ-filename or pipe
-J <x.x.x.x:destport> send demodulated data(base64) with metadata in json
-j <file/pipe> write demodulated data(base64) with metadata in json to file or (unbreakable) pipe
-L <x.x.x.x:destport> (*)as -U but AXUDPv2 with metadata for igate
may be repeated with same -b but different -s after -L
-l <len> (*)fixed datalen for implicit header else guess datalen from dcd
-M <MHz> pass through rx frequency to json metadata -M 433.775
-N if verbous add empty line after data line
-n <[-]Hz> <[-]Hz> notchfilter baseband from-to Hz (may be repeatet)
-O <0..1> (*)optimize on off else automatic on sf/bw (-1)
-o <Hz> shift input iq band +-Hz
-P <+/-ppm> (*)tune datarate (chirp sampelrate) or preset for auto (-a) in ppm (0)
-Q verbous only for frames with crc and crc ok
-q (*)invers chirps or swapped I/Q (prefer negative spread factor)
-R switch off repairing multipath or if-filter fase distortion
-r <Hz> downsample input, give exact input sampelrate in Hz (off)
-S <level> (*)modifiy squelch level critical for implicit header frame length guess (automatic)
-s [-]<sf> (*)spread factor (5..12) (12) and start a new demodulator
negativ value for invers chirps or swapped I/Q
-t <x.x.x.x:destport> (*)send raw frame bytes in udp frame only if has crc and crc ok
-U <x.x.x.x:destport> (*)send frame in AXUDP
-u <x.x.x.x:destport> (*)send raw frame bytes in udp frame
-V very verbous
-v verbous +:no hamming or ok, -:error, h:corrected, ~:weakest chirp replaced, c:try until crc ok
^:bins with maximum power sum used until fitting hamming
-W <n> every n*firlen samples update notch filter 0=off, ok:50 (0)
-w <len> downsample fir length else automatic (8..4096) (0)
-X <netid> (*)filter network-id (sync), 1xx stops decode on wrong id so fast ready for new frame if set -d
0 is wildcard, 20 will pass 2*, 03 for *3, 00 pass all (00)
-Y d|f|b <filename> iq debug output in float32-iq dechirped or filtered
-Z <upspeed> <downspeed> add pulse noise filter (noise blanker) (0.05 0.999)
(*) may be repeated for more demodulators, to start next demodulator apply -s <sf> before other pramaeters
example1: aprs with autonotch for birdies: rtl_sdr -f 433.775m -s 1000000 - | ./lorarx -i /dev/stdin -f u8 -v -N -b 7 -s 12 -w 64 -r 1000000 -W 50
example2: lorawan all modulations: rtl_sdr -f 869.525m -s 1000000 - | ./lorarx -i /dev/stdin -f u8 -v -N -b 7 -s 12 -s 11 -s 10 -s 9 -s 8 -s 7 -s -12 -s -11 -s -10 -s -9 -s -8 -s -7 -Q -w 64 -r 1000000
example3: fanet: rtl_sdr -f 868.215m -s 1000000 - | ./lorarx -i /dev/stdin -f u8 -v -N -b 8 -s 7 -Q -w 128 -r 1000000
example4: sdrtst IQ output with FIR 125kHz in sdrcfg.txt: q 433.775 0 0 0 192000+125000,32
sdrtst -t 127.0.0.1:1234 -c sdrcfg.txt -r 250000 -s /dev/stdout -k |
lorarx -i /dev/stdin -f i16 -b 7 -v -s 12 -L 127.0.0.1:2300 -s 10 -L 127.0.0.1:2301
example: decode payload in json with python3: -J 127.0.0.1:5100
import json, base64, socket
IP=("0.0.0.0",5100)
sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.bind(IP)
while True:
data, addr=sock.recvfrom(1500)
obj = json.loads(data.decode())
print(obj)
try:
payload=base64.b64decode(obj["payload"])
print("payload=",payload)
except: pass
Ausführliche Beschreibung der Parameter
| Parameter | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
| a <afc-speed> | follow frequency drift, 0 off (0.2), on sf<11 (0) |
| b <bandwidth> | kHz 0:7.8 1:10.4 2:15.6 3:20.8 4:31.25 5:41.7 6:62.5 7:125 8:250 9:500 (7) |
| C | use crc on implicit header |
| c <cr> | coding rate and enable implicit header (4..8) (else from header) |
| d | swith off collision detection (less cpu but loose stronger frames starting in weaker |
| D | if dcd lost go on decoding until frame length limit (for external FEC or monitoring) |
| F | max. block energy FEC off (hamming code fec remains on) (on) |
| i16|f32 | IQ data format |
| g <dB> | add to measured signal level (0.0) |
| h | Hilfetext. |
| i <file> | IQ-filename or pipe |
| L <x.x.x.x:destport> | as -U but AXUDPv2 with metadata for igate. may be repeated with same -b but different -s after -L |
| l <len> | fixed datalen for implicit header else guess datalen from dcd |
| O <0..1> | optimize on off else automatic on sf/bw (-1) |
| s <sf> | spread factor (6..12) (12) |
| S <level> | enable squelch for low SF (0.0) |
| U <x.x.x.x:destport> | send frame in AXUDP |
| u <x.x.x.x:destport> | send raw frame bytes in udp |
| V | Zeige mehr Informationen in der Bildschirmausgabe. |
| v | Zeige Informationen in der Bildschirmausgabe: +:hamming ok, -:error, h:corrected, ~:weakest chirp replaced, ^:bins with maximum power sum used until fitting hamming |
| X <netid> | filter netwok-id (sync pattern), 1xx stops decode on wrong id (12) |
Beispielkonfiguration
Eine Beispielkonfiguration des lorarx:
- Achtung, eigene Pfade beachten und anpassen!
- Audiopipe wird in Zeile 2 automatisch angelegt
- updbox ist in dem Beispiel dabei, kann aber auch weggelassen werden. Dann Zielport bei lorarx ODER udpgate4 anpassen.
- Bitte automatischen Zeilenumbruch bei udpgate4 beachten. Gehört natürlich alles in eine Zeile.
rtl_tcp -a 127.0.0.1 -d0 -p 18100 & mknod lorapipe p 2> /dev/null sdrtst -t 127.0.0.1:18100 -r 250000 -s lorapipe -c qrglora.txt -k -v & lorarx -i lorapipe -f i16 -b 7 -s 12 -L 127.0.0.1:9702 -v & udpbox -R 127.0.0.1:9702 -l 127.0.0.1:10702 -r 127.0.0.1:9999 -v & udpgate4 -s MYCALL -R 127.0.0.1:0:10702#LoRa -H 10080 -I 1440 -u 50 -B 60 -n netbeacon.txt -g rotate.aprs2.net:14580#m/1,-t/t -p <PASSCODE> -t 14580 -w 14501 -D /home/pi/dxlAPRS/aprs/www/ -v &
Inhalt qrglora.txt:
p 5 0 # Bei Stick mit Frequenzabweichung passenden Wert hier angeben p 8 1 # Autogain kann manchmal zu Problemen führen. Ggf. mit fixem Gain arbeiten. q 433.775 0 0 0 140000+125000,16
Beispiel Bildschirmausgabe lorarx:
bw=125000.0 cr=from header sf=12 optimize=1 driftloop=0.200
12:0:id:12 cr:5 len:71 crc:ok lev:-12dB snr:5.4dB nf:-53.0dB txd:491 q:90% afc:-1748Hz df:120Hz
[++++++++++++++++]<[FF][01]DL1NUX-12>APLT00,WIDE1-1:!5014.06N/01059.01E[165/000/A=001097 !wrx![0A]
12:0:id:12 cr:5 len:81 crc:ok lev:-12dB snr:6.9dB nf:-54.3dB txd:491 q:89% afc:-7173Hz df:-572Hz
[++++++++++++++++++]<[FF][01]DL1NUX-11>APRS:!5014.07N/01059.02E>077/000/A=001100 Batt=3.67V LoRa 1W Tracker
12:0:id:12 cr:5 len:82 crc:ok lev:-12dB snr:5.5dB nf:-53.1dB txd:491 q:90% afc:-1579Hz df:116Hz
[++++++++++++++++++]<[FF][01]DL1NUX-12>APLT00,WIDE1-1:!5014.06N/01059.01E[165/000/A=001076TTGO Attila !w{b![0A]